Complete list of vocabulary (verbs) for the JLPT N4

JLPT N4

Category 1: Movement and Transportation

Word (with Furigana)RomajiEnglish MeaningExample Sentence (JP)Example Translation (EN)
歩(ある)くarukuto walk毎朝(まいあさ)、学校(がっこう)まで歩(ある)きます。I walk to school every morning.
走(はし)るhashiruto run公園(こうえん)を走(はし)ります。I run in the park.
進(すす)むsusumuto advance / proceed会議(かいぎ)に向(む)かって進(すす)みます。I proceed toward the meeting.
飛(と)ぶtobuto fly / to jump子供(こども)たちは楽しそうに飛(と)び回(まわ)ります。The children are happily jumping around.
戻(もど)るmodoruto return / come back仕事(しごと)の後(あと)、家(いえ)に戻(もど)ります。I return home after work.
渡(わた)るwataruto cross信号(しんごう)の前(まえ)を渡(わた)ります。I cross at the traffic light.
向(むか)うmukauto head for目的地(もくてきち)は駅(えき)に向(むか)っています。I am heading for the station.
迎(むか)えに行(い)くmukae ni ikuto go pick up someone友達(ともだち)を迎(むか)えに行(い)きます。I go to pick up my friend.
引(ひ)っ越(こ)すhikkosuto move (residence)新(あたら)しい家(いえ)に引(ひ)っ越(こ)しました。I moved to a new house.
道(みち)に迷(まよう)うmichi ni mayouto get lost初(はじ)めての場所(ばしょ)で道(みち)に迷(まよ)いました。I got lost in a new place.
拾(ひろ)うhirouto pick up道(みち)で財布(さいふ)を拾(ひろ)いました。I picked up a wallet on the street.
着(つ)くtsukuto arrive電車(でんしゃ)は駅(えき)に着(つ)きました。The train has arrived at the station.
泊(とま)るtomaruto stay over旅行(りょこう)の間(あいだ)、ホテルに泊(とま)ります。I stay at a hotel during my trip.
曲(まが)るmagaruto turn角(かど)を左(ひだり)に曲(まが)ります。Turn left at the corner.
間(ま)に合(あ)うmaniauto be in time電車(でんしゃ)に間(ま)に合(あ)いました。I made it to the train in time.
寄(よ)るyoruto stop by帰宅途中(きたくとちゅう)にコンビニに寄(よ)りました。I stopped by a convenience store on my way home.

Category 2: Object Manipulation / Placement

Word (with Furigana)RomajiEnglish MeaningExample Sentence (JP)Example Translation (EN)
開(あ)くakuto open店(みせ)のドアが自動(じどう)に開(あ)きます。The store’s door opens automatically.
閉(し)まるshimaruto close窓(まど)がしっかり閉(し)まります。The window closes tightly.
置(お)くokuto put / to place本(ほん)を机(つくえ)の上(うえ)に置(お)きます。I put the book on the desk.
送(おく)るokuruto send手紙(てがみ)を友達(ともだち)に送(おく)ります。I send a letter to my friend.
出(だ)すdasuto take out / to submit書類(しょるい)を事務所(じむしょ)に出(だ)します。I submit the documents to the office.
包(つつ)むtsutsumuto wrapプレゼントを紙(かみ)で包(つつ)みます。I wrap the present in paper.
運(はこ)ぶhakobuto carry箱(はこ)を車(くるま)で運(はこ)びます。I carry the box by car.
払(はら)うharauto payレジでお金(かね)を払(はら)います。I pay at the register.
貼(は)るharuto post / to paste壁(かべ)にポスターを貼(は)ります。I post a poster on the wall.
引(ひ)くhikuto pullドアを引(ひ)いて開(あ)けます。I pull the door open.
沸(わか)かすwakasuto boil (water)お湯(おゆ)を沸(わか)かします。I boil water.
沸(わ)くwaku(water) boils鍋(なべ)のお湯が沸(わ)きました。The water in the pot is boiling.
売(う)るuruto sell店(みせ)で果物(くだもの)を売(う)っています。They sell fruits in the store.
直(なお)すnaosuto fix / to repair壊(こわ)れた時計(とけい)を直(なお)します。I will fix the broken clock.
磨(みが)くmigakuto polish / to brush (teeth)毎朝、歯(は)を磨(みが)きます。I brush my teeth every morning.

Category 3: Creative and Expressive Actions

Word (with Furigana)RomajiEnglish MeaningExample Sentence (JP)Example Translation (EN)
編(あ)むamuto knit冬(ふゆ)はセーターを編(あ)みます。I knit a sweater in winter.
描(か)くkakuto draw風景画(ふうけいが)のために絵(え)を描(か)きます。I draw a picture of a landscape.
飾(かざ)るkazaruto decorate部屋(へや)を花(はな)で飾(かざ)ります。I decorate the room with flowers.
焼(や)くyakuto bakeパンをオーブンで焼(や)きます。I bake bread in the oven.
訳(やく)すyakusuto translateこの文章(ぶんしょう)を英語に訳(やく)します。I will translate this passage into English.
変(か)わるkawaruto change季節(きせつ)が変(か)わります。The season changes.
選(えら)ぶerabuto chooseメニューから料理(りょうり)を選(えら)びます。I choose a dish from the menu.

Category 4: Communication and Social Interaction

Word (with Furigana)RomajiEnglish MeaningExample Sentence (JP)Example Translation (EN)
謝(あやま)るayamaruto apologize遅刻(ちこく)してしまい、先生に謝(あやま)りました。I apologized to the teacher for being late.
嘘(うそ)をつくuso o tsukuto tell a lie子供(こども)は時々嘘(うそ)をつきます。Children sometimes tell lies.
歌(うた)うutauto singカラオケで友達(ともだち)と歌(うた)います。I sing with my friends at karaoke.
起(おこ)すokosuto wake someone up毎朝(まいあさ)、父(ちち)を起(おこ)して学校(がっこう)に行(い)かせます。I wake my father up every morning for school.
怒(おこ)るokoruto get angry彼(かれ)はすぐに怒(おこ)ります。He gets angry easily.
押(お)すosuto press / to pushボタンを押(お)してください。Please press the button.
お世話(おせわ)になるosewa ni naruto be in someone’s care先輩(せんぱい)にお世話(おせわ)になっています。I am in my senior’s care.
困(こ)まるkomaruto be troubled問題(もんだい)で困(こ)っています。I am troubled by a problem.
頼(たの)むtanomuto ask a favor友達(ともだち)に手伝(てつだ)いを頼(たの)みました。I asked my friend for help.
付き合(つきあ)うtsukiauto get together / to date昨日(きのう)、友達(ともだち)と付き合(つきあ)いました。I hung out with my friend yesterday.
呼(よ)ぶyobuto call one’s name先生(せんせい)が私(わたし)を呼(よ)びました。The teacher called my name.
気(き)がつく / 気(き)づくkigatsuku / kizukuto notice彼(かれ)の変化(へんか)に気(き)づきました。I noticed his change.

Category 5: Physical Impact and Forceful Actions

Word (with Furigana)RomajiEnglish MeaningExample Sentence (JP)Example Translation (EN)
打(う)つutsuto hitボールを強(つよ)く打(う)ちます。I hit the ball hard.
蹴(け)るkeruto kickサッカーでボールを蹴(け)ります。I kick the ball in soccer.
殴(なぐ)るnaguruto punch彼は怒(おこ)って相手(あいて)を殴(なぐ)りました。He punched the opponent in anger.
ぶつかるbutsukaruto bump into電車(でんしゃ)にぶつかってしまいました。I accidentally bumped into the train.
踏(ふ)むfumuto step on子供(こども)が道(みち)に落(お)ちた葉(は)を踏(ふ)みました。The child stepped on fallen leaves on the road.
吹(ふ)くfukuto blow風(かぜ)が強(つよ)く吹(ふ)いています。The wind is blowing strongly.

Category 6: Emotional and Mental States / Conditions

Word (with Furigana)RomajiEnglish MeaningExample Sentence (JP)Example Translation (EN)
落(おち)込(こ)むochikomuto feel down / depressed悲(かな)しいニュースで落(おち)込(こ)みました。I felt depressed by the sad news.
泣(な)くnakuto cry子供(こども)が映画(えいが)を見(み)て泣(な)きました。The child cried while watching the movie.
無(な)くすnakusuto lose (something)財布(さいふ)を無(な)くしてしまいました。I lost my wallet.
亡(な)くなるnakunaruto pass away / to die祖父(そふ)が亡(な)くなりました。My grandfather passed away.
頑張(がんば)るganbaruto do one’s best / work hard試験(しけん)に向(む)けて頑張(がんば)ります。I will do my best for the exam.
決(き)まるkimaruto be decided新(あたら)しい計画(けいかく)が決(き)まりました。A new plan has been decided.

Category 7: Miscellaneous and Other Actions

Word (with Furigana)RomajiEnglish MeaningExample Sentence (JP)Example Translation (EN)
写(うつ)すutsusuto copy書類(しょるい)を写(うつ)します。I will copy the document.
風邪(かぜ)を引(ひ)くkaze o hikuto catch a cold昨日(きのう)、風邪(かぜ)を引(ひ)いてしまいました。I caught a cold yesterday.
勝(かつ)るkatsuto win試合(しあい)に勝(かつ)りました。We won the game.
噛(か)むkamuto bite / to chewりんごを噛(か)んで食(た)べます。I bite into an apple.
探(さが)すsagasuto look for失(うしな)くした鍵(かぎ)を探(さが)しています。I am looking for my lost key.
咲(さ)くsakuto bloom桜(さくら)が春(はる)に咲(さ)きます。Cherry blossoms bloom in spring.
誘(さそ)うsasouto invite友達(ともだち)を映画(えいが)に誘(さそ)いました。I invited my friend to a movie.
騒(さわ)ぐsawaguto make a noise子供(こども)たちが騒(さわ)いでいます。The children are making a lot of noise.
触(さわ)るsawaruto touch美術館(びじゅつかん)では展示品(てんじひん)に触(さわ)ってはいけません。You must not touch the exhibits at the museum.
叱(しか)るshikaruto scold先生(せんせい)が生徒(せいと)を叱(しか)りました。The teacher scolded the student.
込(こ)むkomuto be crowded朝(あさ)の電車(でんしゃ)はいつも込(こ)んでいます。The train is always crowded in the morning.
助(たす)かるtasukaruto be saved / to be helped友達(ともだち)の助(たす)けで助(たす)かりました。I was helped by my friend.
楽(たの)しむtanoshimuto enjoy休日(きゅうじつ)は家族(かぞく)と楽(たの)しみます。I enjoy my days off with my family.
頼(たの)むtanomuto ask a favor困(こ)ったとき、先輩(せんぱい)に頼(たの)みます。I ask my senior for help when I am in trouble.
捕(つか)まるtsukamaruto be arrested / caught彼(かれ)は交通違反(こうつういはん)で捕(つか)まりました。He was caught for a traffic violation.
釣(つ)るtsuruto fish休日(きゅうじつ)に川(かわ)で釣(つ)りを楽しみます。I enjoy fishing in the river on my days off.
手伝(てつだ)うtetsudauto help母(はは)の料理(りょうり)を手伝(てつだ)います。I help my mother with cooking.
治(なお)るnaoruto recover風邪(かぜ)を引(ひ)いた後(あと)、すぐに治(なお)りました。I recovered quickly after catching a cold.
盗(ぬす)むnusumuto steal店(みせ)で財布(さいふ)を盗(ぬす)まないでください。Please do not steal wallets at the store.
残(のこ)るnokoruto remain / to be left食事(しょくじ)の後(あと)、料理(りょうり)が少(すこ)し残(のこ)りました。A little food remained after the meal.
役(やく)に立(た)つyakunitatsuto be usefulこの道具(どうぐ)はとても役(やく)に立(た)ちます。This tool is very useful.
汚(よご)すyogosuto make dirty手(て)を汚(よご)さないように気(き)がつきます。I take care not to dirty my hands.

Category 8: Emotional Resignation, Collection & Bullying

Word (with Furigana)RomajiEnglish MeaningExample Sentence (JP)Example Translation (EN)
諦(あきらめ)めるakirameruto give up失敗(しっぱい)しても、諦(あきらめ)めないでください。Even if you fail, please do not give up.
集(あつ)めるatsumeruto collect切手(きって)を集(あつ)めるのが趣味(しゅみ)です。Collecting stamps is my hobby.
虐(いじ)めるijimeruto bully彼(かれ)は学校(がっこう)で友達(ともだち)を虐(いじ)めてはいけません。He must not bully his friends at school.

Category 9: Insertion and Planting

Word (with Furigana)RomajiEnglish MeaningExample Sentence (JP)Example Translation (EN)
挿(い)れるireruto insert / to put in本(ほん)を棚(たな)に挿(い)れます。I put the book on the shelf.
植(う)えるueruto plant春(はる)に花(はな)を植(う)えます。I plant flowers in the spring.

Category 10: Receiving, Birth, and Taking

Word (with Furigana)RomajiEnglish MeaningExample Sentence (JP)Example Translation (EN)
受(う)けるukeruto take (an exam/interview)試験(しけん)を受(う)けます。I take an exam.
産(うま)れるumareruto be born弟(おとうと)が産(うま)れました。My younger brother was born.

Category 11: Timeliness and Dropping

Word (with Furigana)RomajiEnglish MeaningExample Sentence (JP)Example Translation (EN)
遅(おく)れるokureruto be late電車(でんしゃ)に遅(おく)れてしまいました。I was late for the train.
落(おち)るochiruto drop / to fall本(ほん)が床(ゆか)に落(おち)ました。The book dropped on the floor.

Category 12: Memory, Change, and Tidying Up

Word (with Furigana)RomajiEnglish MeaningExample Sentence (JP)Example Translation (EN)
覚(おぼ)えるoboeruto memorize毎朝(まいあさ)、単語(たんご)を覚(おぼ)えます。I memorize vocabulary every day.
変(か)えるkaeruto change考え方(かんがえかた)を変(か)えなければなりません。I must change my way of thinking.
片付(かたづ)けるkatazukeruto tidy up部屋(へや)を片付(かたづ)けます。I tidy up my room.

Category 13: Thought, Decision, and Comparison

Word (with Furigana)RomajiEnglish MeaningExample Sentence (JP)Example Translation (EN)
考(かんが)えるkangaeruto think / to considerどうすればいいか、よく考(かんが)えます。I think carefully about what to do.
決(き)めるkimeruto decide明日(あした)の計画(けいかく)を決(き)めました。I decided on tomorrow’s plan.
気(き)を付(つ)けるki o tsukeruto be careful事故(じこ)に気(き)を付(つ)けてください。Please be careful of accidents.
比(くら)べるkuraberuto compare二つ(ふたつ)の商品の値段(ねだん)を比(くら)べます。I compare the prices of the two products.

Category 14: Receiving and Giving (Indirect)

Word (with Furigana)RomajiEnglish MeaningExample Sentence (JP)Example Translation (EN)
くれるkureruto give (me)友達(ともだち)が本(ほん)をくれました。My friend gave me a book.

Category 15: Breaking, Informing, Investigating, and Belief

Word (with Furigana)RomajiEnglish MeaningExample Sentence (JP)Example Translation (EN)
壊(こわ)れるkowareruto be broken時計(とけい)が壊(こわ)れました。The clock is broken.
知(し)らせるshiraseruto inform先生(せんせい)に結果(けっか)を知らせます。I will inform the teacher of the results.
調(しら)べるshiraberuto look up / investigate図書館(としょかん)で情報(じょうほう)を調(しら)べます。I look up information in the library.
信(しん)じるshinjiruto believe彼(かれ)の話(はなし)を信(しん)じます。I believe his story.

Category 16: Disposal and Upbringing

Word (with Furigana)RomajiEnglish MeaningExample Sentence (JP)Example Translation (EN)
捨(す)てるsuteruto throw away不要(ふよう)な服(ふく)を捨(す)てました。I threw away my unwanted clothes.
育(そだ)てるsodateruto bring up子供(こども)を大切(たいせつ)に育(そだ)てます。I bring up my children with care.

Category 17: Falling and Rescuing

Word (with Furigana)RomajiEnglish MeaningExample Sentence (JP)Example Translation (EN)
倒(たお)れるtaoreruto fall down激(はげ)しい風(かぜ)で木(き)が倒(たお)れました。The tree fell down due to the strong wind.
助(たす)けるtasukeruto save / to rescue火事(かじ)の時(とき)、彼(かれ)が助(たす)けてくれました。He rescued me during the fire.

Category 18: Building and Sufficiency

Word (with Furigana)RomajiEnglish MeaningExample Sentence (JP)Example Translation (EN)
建(た)てるtateruto build新(あたら)しい家(いえ)を建(た)てます。I will build a new house.
足(たり)りるtariruto be enoughお金(かね)が足(たり)りません。I do not have enough money.

Category 19: Catching, Conveying, Continuing, and Working

Word (with Furigana)RomajiEnglish MeaningExample Sentence (JP)Example Translation (EN)
捕(つか)まえるtsukamaeruto catch彼(かれ)は野球(やきゅう)のボールを捕(つか)まえました。He caught the baseball.
伝(つた)えるtsutaeruto convey彼女(かのじょ)に感謝(かんしゃ)の気持(きも)ちを伝(つた)えました。I conveyed my gratitude to her.
続(つづ)けるtsuzukeruto continue毎日(まいにち)、勉強(べんきょう)を続(つづ)けます。I continue studying every day.
務(つとめ)めるtsutomeruto work for彼(かれ)は銀行(ぎんこう)に務(つとめ)めています。He works for a bank.
届(とど)けるtodokeruto deliver荷物(にもつ)を家(いえ)まで届けます。I deliver the package to the house.

Category 20: Getting Used To, Escaping, and Likeness

Word (with Furigana)RomajiEnglish MeaningExample Sentence (JP)Example Translation (EN)
慣(な)れるnareruto get used to新(あたら)しい環境(かんきょう)に慣(な)れました。I got used to the new environment.
逃(に)げるnigeruto escape / run away危険(きけん)から逃(に)げました。I ran away from danger.
似(に)るniruto look like彼(かれ)は父(ちち)に似(に)ています。He looks like his father.

Category 21: Transfer and Missing the Ride

Word (with Furigana)RomajiEnglish MeaningExample Sentence (JP)Example Translation (EN)
乗換(のりか)えるnorikaeruto transfer (trains)電車(でんしゃ)を乗換(のりか)えて目的地(もくてきち)に行(い)きます。I transfer trains to reach my destination.
乗遅(のりおく)れるnoriokureruto miss (a train, bus)朝(あさ)の電車(でんしゃ)に乗遅(のりおく)れてしまいました。I missed the morning train.

Category 22: Weather-Related (Sunny)

Word (with Furigana)RomajiEnglish MeaningExample Sentence (JP)Example Translation (EN)
晴(は)れるhareruto be sunny今日(きょう)は空(そら)が晴(は)れています。The sky is sunny today.

Category 23: Praise, Losing, and Making Mistakes

Word (with Furigana)RomajiEnglish MeaningExample Sentence (JP)Example Translation (EN)
褒(ほ)めるhomeruto praise先生(せんせい)は生徒(せいと)を褒(ほ)めました。The teacher praised the student.
負(ま)けるmakeruto lose (a match)試合(しあい)に負(ま)けてしまいました。I lost the game.
間違(まちが)えるmachigaeruto make a mistake宿題(しゅくだい)で間違(まちが)えてしまいました。I made a mistake in my homework.

Category 24: Visibility, Showing, and Finding

Word (with Furigana)RomajiEnglish MeaningExample Sentence (JP)Example Translation (EN)
見(み)えるmieruto be visible / to be seen遠(とお)くの山(やま)が見(み)えます。I can see the distant mountains.
見(み)せるmiseruto show新(あたら)しい服(ふく)を見(み)せます。I will show you my new clothes.
見(み)つけるmitsukeruto find道(みち)で鍵(かぎ)を見(み)つけました。I found my key on the road.

Category 25: Popularity, Weight, Quitting, and Dirtiness

Word (with Furigana)RomajiEnglish MeaningExample Sentence (JP)Example Translation (EN)
もてるmoteruto be popular彼女(かのじょ)は学校(がっこう)でとてももてます。She is very popular at school.
痩(やせ)るyaseruto lose weight健康(けんこう)のために痩(やせ)ることにしました。I decided to lose weight for my health.
やめるyameruto quit / to resign彼(かれ)は仕事(しごと)をやめました。He quit his job.
汚(よご)れるyogoreruto become dirty雨(あめ)の日(ひ)は服(ふく)が汚(よご)れます。Clothes get dirty on rainy days.

Category 26: Locking

Word (with Furigana)RomajiEnglish MeaningExample Sentence (JP)Example Translation (EN)
(鍵(かぎ)を)掛(か)ける(kagi o) kakeruto lock外出(がいしゅつ)の前(まえ)に必(かなら)ず鍵(かぎ)を掛(か)けます。I always lock the door before going out.

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